Tissue engineering is one of the cutting edge disciplines in biomedicine. Basically, it aims the development of tissues and organs by measn of the application of in-vitro cell culture techniques in order to grow tissues, or even full organs, which can be used to replace those of the human body which are ill or have lost its functionality. Thus, tissue engineering promises a new paradigm in the treatment of many diseases as well as to revolution the current organ transplatation scheme since, when totally developed, full new organs will be grown in-vitro to replace those damaged removing the need from donors, which is maybe the bottleneck for the application of these techniques nowadays.

In the last decades, a lot of effort has been put in the investigation of the tissue engineering techniques, which pose a variety of challenges when compared to the traditional cell culture techniques. Perhaps the most relevant difference is related to the particular geometry of the substrates in which cells are grown aiming to develop an engineered tissue or organ. Usually, three dimensional scaffolds are used in tissue engineering, which makes a big difference compared with the usual bi-dimensional surface used in standard cell culture. The incorporation of three